1 & 2 Samuel

 

1 Samuel Chapter 21

David and the Holy Bread

  • 1Samuel 21:1  Then came David to Nob to Ahimelech the priest: and Ahimelech was afraid at the meeting of David, and said unto him, Why art thou alone, and no man with thee? 
  • 2  And David said unto Ahimelech the priest, The king hath commanded me a business, and hath said unto me, Let no man know any thing of the business whereabout I send thee, and what I have commanded thee: and I have appointed my servants to such and such a place. 

David lied here and lying is wrong and if God was with him he wouldn't have had to lie but I guess David was weak and hungry at this point and was concerned about the men that were with him but not present at this first meeting with Ahimelech the priest. Perhaps David had them in hiding because of Doeg the Edomite who was a servant of Saul. Doeg proves to be trouble later. Ahimelech was troubled that David was alone, so David lied perhaps to protect others.

  • 1Samuel 21:3  Now therefore what is under thine hand? give me five loaves of bread in mine hand, or what there is present. 
  • 4  And the priest answered David, and said, There is no common bread under mine hand, but there is hallowed bread; if the young men have kept themselves at least from women. 

Holy bread was for the priests of the Lord and during this feast was a time of holy consetration and was not to consumption for regular meals. To eat this bread, they must be living apart from their wives during this feast.

  • 1 Samuel 21:5  And David answered the priest, and said unto him, Of a truth women have been kept from us about these three days, since I came out, and the vessels of the young men are holy, and the bread is in a manner common, yea, though it were sanctified this day in the vessel. 

In this David did not lie because they had been running from Saul and had no time to be at home with their wives.

  • 1Samuel 21:6  So the priest gave him hallowed bread: for there was no bread there but the shewbread, that was taken from before the LORD, to put hot bread in the day when it was taken away. 

Jesus mentions this in Matthew 12.

  • Matthew 12:1  At that time Jesus went on the sabbath day through the corn; and his disciples were an hungred, and began to pluck the ears of corn, and to eat. 
  • 2  But when the Pharisees saw it, they said unto him, Behold, thy disciples do that which is not lawful to do upon the sabbath day. 
  • 3  But he said unto them, Have ye not read what David did, when he was an hungred, and they that were with him; 
  • 4  How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the shewbread, which was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them which were with him, but only for the priests? 
    5  Or have ye not read in the law, how that on the sabbath days the priests in the temple profane the sabbath, and are blameless? 
  • 6  But I say unto you, That in this place is one greater than the temple. 
  • 7  But if ye had known what this meaneth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice, ye would not have condemned the guiltless. 
  • 8  For the Son of man is Lord even of the sabbath day. 

The Lord seems to excuse the breaking of the law in this case of emergencies, saying He was Lord of the Sabbath day. Jesus puts mercy above sacrifice. No excuse is given for lying but I wonder why the lying part was not mentioned by Jesus. I do know that David must have gotten right before God for his sins before he died because in the New Testament there is no mention of any of David's sins only the good that he did. David looked forward to the time when one would die for sins and the way of eternal life and salvation was to be bought and paid for. So in the New Testament we do not see any sin of David's mentioned. Once God forgives and puts away our sins, they are not held against us or mentioned.

  • 1Samuel 21:7  Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the LORD; and his name was Doeg, an Edomite, the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul. 
  • 8  And David said unto Ahimelech, And is there not here under thine hand spear or sword? for I have neither brought my sword nor my weapons with me, because the king's business required haste. 
  • 9  And the priest said, The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom thou slewest in the valley of Elah, behold, it is here wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod: if thou wilt take that, take it: for there is no other save that here. And David said, There is none like that; give it me. 

David took the sword that he had killed Goliah with. Evidently it was kept by the priests to commemorate that time when they all were delivered from the Philistines.

Doeg whose name means "fearful" was not a good man. David wrote a Psalm during this time. So he must have written it while he and his men were taking a rest to eat and be refreshed.

  • Psalm 52:1  To the chief Musician, Maschil, A Psalm of David, when Doeg the Edomite came and told Saul, and said unto him, David is come to the house of Ahimelech. Why boastest thou thyself in mischief, O mighty man? the goodness of God endureth continually. 
  • 2  Thy tongue deviseth mischiefs; like a sharp razor, working deceitfully. 
  • 3  Thou lovest evil more than good; and lying rather than to speak righteousness. Selah. 
  • 4  Thou lovest all devouring words, O thou deceitful tongue. 
  • 5  God shall likewise destroy thee for ever, he shall take thee away, and pluck thee out of thy dwelling place, and root thee out of the land of the living. Selah. 
  • 6  The righteous also shall see, and fear, and shall laugh at him: 
  • 7  Lo, this is the man that made not God his strength; but trusted in the abundance of his riches, and strengthened himself in his wickedness. 
  • 8  But I am like a green olive tree in the house of God: I trust in the mercy of God for ever and ever. 
  • 9  I will praise thee for ever, because thou hast done it: and I will wait on thy name; for it is good before thy saints.

David Flees to Gath

  • 1Samuel 21:10  And David arose, and fled that day for fear of Saul, and went to Achish the king of Gath. 
  • 11  And the servants of Achish said unto him, Is not this David the king of the land? did they not sing one to another of him in dances, saying, Saul hath slain his thousands, and David his ten thousands? 
  • 12  And David laid up these words in his heart, and was sore afraid of Achish the king of Gath. 
  • 13  And he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard. 
  • 14  Then said Achish unto his servants, Lo, ye see the man is mad: wherefore then have ye brought him to me? 
  • 15  Have I need of mad men, that ye have brought this fellow to play the mad man in my presence? shall this fellow come into my house? 

I can just speculate why David would go to the Philistines for refuge. Perhaps he was in such despair that he felt he would rather die by their hand rather than Saul's. Then again perhaps he knew Saul would never dream he would go there. He had to avoid his own family because that would be the first place Saul would look. Anywhere in Israel was under Saul's reign and there is always one who would betray him. Another reason might be that he was so heartbroken that nothing seemed to matter. He pretended to be insane to save his own life there so this part seems to be puzzling. Saul would not ever dream of looking there though. DC

1 Samuel Chapter 22

 

 
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